What makes this possible is their gular sac, a large throat pouch unique among gibbons. The throat sac can become as large as a grapefruit, and enables four distinct classes of vocalization: booms, barks, ululating screams, and bitonal screams.

The boom is produced by singing into the sac with the mouth closed and carries the farthest through dense forest. The "wow" is produced with the mouth open and sits at a higher pitch. Females typically produce long barks, while males generally produce bitonal screams, where two tones are produced simultaneously, creating a layered, dissonant sound, though both sexes are capable of all four types. These songs begin as deep, bell-like tones that escalate into shattering yells and culminate in high-pitched "laughter."

Their songs build social infrastructure. Mated pairs perform calling bouts lasting 10 to 20 minutes, functioning as territorial advertisement and bond reinforcement. Newly formed pairs sing more frequently than established ones, as advertising a strong bond is advantageous in territorial defense. In the wild, singing occurs roughly once every 4 to 5 days, usually in the morning but never before dawn.

Learn more from our primary sources The Wisconsin National Primate Resource Center, and The New England Primate Conservatory.

Checkout and consider supporting Kalaweit, they work to protect these incredible animals through rescue and rehabilitation of those formerly kept as pets.

River otters have some of the densest fur of any freshwater mammal, with two distinct layers: a short, thick underfur that traps warm air against the skin, and longer guard hairs that shed water on the surface. The underfur is so tightly woven that water cannot penetrate it. The otter's skin stays completely dry even while the animal dives.

Each follicle produces a bundle of fine underfur hairs topped by coarser guard hairs. The underfur is so tightly woven that water cannot penetrate it. The otter's skin stays completely dry even while the animal dives.

Water only touches a thin layer of trapped air within the coat, and that air is what keeps them warm. Air escapes during a dive, so otters must constantly groom, rolling and rubbing to work air back into their fur. A sea otter can spend several hours a day on this. Neglect it and the coat loses its loft, the insulating air escapes, and the cold moves in.

Without a blubber reserve, otters must generate body heat through metabolism alone, burning through roughly 25 percent of their body weight in food each day. Pups are born with such fluffy natal coats that they literally cannot sink, bobbing on the surface while their mothers dive below to forage for food, such as sea urchins, mollusks, crustaceans, and fish, which they find on the sea floor.

Please consider helping to protect these animals by contributing to the River Otter Ecology Project.

This protection allows the fish to shelter from predators that would otherwise easily eat it.

In return, the anemone benefits from increased water circulation and nitrogen and carbon based nutrients from the fish’s waste, such as ammonia which fuels tissue growth, phosphates for cellular processes, and food scraps that provide additional nutrients that it couldn’t acquire on its own.

Unlike most clownfish that rely on only one or two host species, Clark’s anemonefish is highly adaptable and can live with 10 anemone species.

Behind the legal and financial turmoil are seventeen living beings: dolphins who depend on this place for survival.

Marineland was founded as a bridge between us and the ocean. But unfortunately that legacy has eroded over time. Reports and drone footage in the past had shown dolphins confined in small, algae-filled tanks with little shade and limited stimulation. A federal judge even questioned their welfare during recent bankruptcy proceedings.

The welfare of the dolphins, not nostalgia or property value, must define Marineland’s future. Captive dolphins form deep social bonds, communicate in unique dialects, and experience stress and depression when their environment deteriorates. Selling, relocating, or using them for photo opportunities would only harm their well-being.

Marineland once provided connection to wondrous animals and the environment of our oceans. Hopefully it can do so again, but preservation without welfare is exploitation.

To truly save Marineland, we must save the dolphins first;

• Independent welfare audits to assess living conditions and publish transparent results
• Immediate water-quality and enrichment improvements to meet marine-mammal care standards
• External scientific oversight from marine biologists and welfare organizations
• Transition to a coastal sanctuary model, where possible, allowing more space, natural water, and retirement from public performance
• Public accountability for any ownership transfer that ensures animal welfare takes precedence over development profits

How You Can Help

Support groups such as TideBreakers and the Save Marineland’s History and Animals GoFundMe campaign are pressing for legal and ethical reform. You can help by donating, sharing verified information, and demanding oversight from Florida’s wildlife agencies and The Dolphin Company’s trustees.

What They Eat

Juveniles eat chiefly insects, small crustaceans, tadpoles, and small fish. With age they become omnivores that favor plants such as duckweed and submerged vegetation.

Field studies report wide site to site ranges in plant versus animal intake, but the overall trend is juvenile-leaning carnivory to adult-leaning herbivory.

Why it Changes

Early growth is faster on animal diets that are protein and energy dense, which supports rapid size gains that reduce predation risk.

Plant foods require microbial fermentation to extract energy, which takes longer and can limit intake rate in small turtles. As body size and gut volume increase, fermentation becomes more effective and adults can meet their needs with vegetation while still taking opportunistic animal prey.

Diet varies with local prey and plants, water temperature, season, and sometimes by sex. In some areas adults eat mostly plants; elsewhere adults still eat many animals. Across studies, the clear trend is that juveniles eat more animals and adults eat more plants.

Please checkout and support the Turtle Survival Alliance to support this species.